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Combustion mechanism development and CFD simulation for the prediction of soot emission during flaring

Anan Wang,Helen H. Lou,Daniel Chen,Anfeng Yu,Wenyi Dang,Xianchang Li,Christopher Martin,Vijaya Damodara,Ajit Patki

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 459-471 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1594-y

摘要： Industrial Flares are important safety devices to burn off the unwanted gas during process startup, shutdown, or upset. However, flaring, especially the associated smoke, is a symbol of emissions from refineries, oil gas fields, and chemical processing plants. How to simultaneously achieve high combustion efficiency (CE) and low soot emission is an important issue. Soot emissions are influenced by many factors. Flare operators tend to over-steam or over-air to suppress smoke, which results in low CE. How to achieve optimal flare performance remains a question to the industry and the regulatory agencies. In this paper, regulations in the US regarding flaring were reviewed. In order to determine the optimal operating window for the flare, different combustion mechanisms related to soot emissions were summarized. A new combustion mechanism (Vsoot) for predicting soot emissions was developed and validated against experimental data. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models combined with Vsoot combustion mechanism were developed to simulate the flaring events. It was observed that simulation results agree well with experimental data.

关键词： flare     soot emission     combustion mechanism     CFD simulation    

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Air pollutant control and strategy in coal-fired power industry for promotion of China’s emission reduction

Weiliang WANG, Bo LI, Xuan YAO, Junfu LYU, Weidou NI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 307-316 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0620-4

摘要： Coal-fired power industry has always been the major power source in China. As coal-fired power industry consumes around a half of China’s coal production, it is always thought to be a big air pollutant emission source. As more and more strict legislations in coal-fired power industry have been issued by the government, the emission performance in coal-fired power industry has been drastically reduced recently. Based on a brief review of the development of emission control in China’s coal-fired power industry, the affecting mechanism among the development of installed capacities of emission control device, pollutant emission, and emission performances in coal-fired power industry is studied. According to a systematic study on the development of emissions of classified categories, the role of coal-fired power industry as a pollutant source is reevaluated. It is found that, coal-fired power industry has contributed the most to China’s emission reduction, and the barycenter of air pollutant emission has been transformed to other high energy consumption industries, like heat, iron/steel, and cement. Then some development strategies are suggested, such as maintaining the current emission standard in coal-fired power industry; expending the coal-fired power emission standards to categories of heat generation and supply, nonmetallic mineral production and ferrous metals smelting and processing; and controlling other heavy metal by consulting the method of Hg control.

关键词： coal-fired power industry     energy intensive industries     pollutant emission control     NOx     SO2     soot    

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Effect of heat transfer space non-uniformity of combustion chamber components on in-cylinder heat transfer in diesel engine

Jizu LV, Minli BAI, Long ZHOU, Jian ZHOU,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 392-401 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0066-1

摘要： Combustion chamber components (cylinder head-cylinder liner-piston assembly-oil film) were treated as a coupled body. Based on the three-dimensional numerical simulation of the heat transfer of the coupled body, a coupled three-dimensional calculation model for the in-cylinder working process and the combustion chamber components was built with domain decomposition and boundary coupling method, which adopts the coupled three-dimensional simulation of in-cylinder working process and the combustion chamber components. The model was applied in the investigation of the influence of space non-uniformity in heat transfer among combustion chamber components on in-cylinder heat transfer. The results show that the effect of wall temperature space non-uniform distribution of combustion chamber components on heat transfer happens mainly at the end of the compression stroke and expansion stroke. Therefore, it can be concluded that wall temperature space non-uniform distribution of combustion chamber components would influence heat transfer during the intake and exhaust stroke obviously.

关键词： heat transfer     space non-uniformity     soot emission     in-cylinder     diesel    

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Nongray radiation from gas and soot mixtures in planar plates based on statistical narrow-band spectral

Huaqiang CHU, Qiang CHENG, Huaichun ZHOU, Fengshan LIU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 149-158 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0124-8

摘要： The nongray behavior of combustion products plays an important role in various areas of engineering. Based on the statistical narrow-band (SNB) spectral model with an exponential-tailed inverse intensity distribution and the ray-tracing method, a comprehensive investigation of the influence of soot on nongray radiation from mixtures containing H O/N +soot, CO /N +soot, or H O/CO /N +soot was conducted in this paper. In combustion applications, radiation transfer is significantly enhanced by soot due to its spectrally continuous emission. The effect of soot volume fraction up to 1×10 on the source term, the narrow-band radiation intensities along a line-of-sight, and the net wall heat fluxes were investigated for a wide range of temperature. The effect of soot was significant and became increasingly drastic with the increase of soot loading.

关键词： soot     combustion     SNB model     nongray radiation    

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Nanostructure and reactivity of soot from biofuel 2,5-dimethylfuran pyrolysis with CO

Lijie ZHANG, Kaixuan YANG, Rui ZHAO, Mingfei CHEN, Yaoyao YING, Dong LIU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 292-306 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0658-3

摘要： This paper investigated the nanostructure and oxidation reactivity of soot generated from biofuel 2,5-dimethylfuran pyrolysis with different CO additions and different temperatures in a quartz tube flow reactor. The morphology and nanostructure of soot samples were characterized by a low and a high resolution transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM and HRTEM) and an X-ray diffraction (XRD). The oxidation reactivity of these samples was explored by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Different soot samples were collected in the tail of the tube. With the increase of temperature, the soot showed a smaller mean particle diameter, a longer fringe length, and a lower fringe tortuosity, as well as a higher degree of graphization. However, the variation of soot nanostructures resulting from different CO additions was not linear. Compared with 0%, 50%, and 100% CO additions at one fixed temperature, the soot collected from the 10% CO addition has the highest degree of graphization and crystallization. At three temperatures of 1173 K, 1223 K, and 1273 K, the mean values of fringe length distribution displayed a ranking of 10% CO >100% CO >50% CO while the mean particle diameters showed the same order. Furthermore, the oxidation reactivity of different soot samples decreased in the ranking of 50% CO addition>100% CO addition>10% CO addition, which was equal to the ranking of mean values of fringe tortuosity distribution. The result further confirmed the close relationship between soot nanostructure and oxidation reactivity.

关键词： 2     5-dimethylfuran pyrolysis     soot     CO2 addition     nanostructure     reactivity    

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Soot size distribution in lightly sooting premixed flames of benzene and toluene

Wang LIU, Jiaqi ZHAI, Baiyang LIN, He LIN, Dong HAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 18-26 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0663-6

摘要： The evolution of particle size distribution function (PSDF) of soot in premixed flames of benzene and toluene was studied on a burner stabilized stagnation (BSS) flame platform. The cold gas velocities were changed to hold the maximum flame temperatures of different flames approximately constant. The PSDFs of all the test flames exhibited a bimodal distribution, i.e., a small-size nucleation mode and a large-size accumulation mode. It was observed that soot nucleation and particle growth in the benzene flame were stronger than those in the toluene flame at short residence times. At longer residence times, the PSDFs of the two flames were similar, and the toluene flame showed a larger particle size distribution range and a higher particle volume fraction than the benzene flame.

关键词： premixed flame     soot     particle size distribution function     benzene     toluene    

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A new prediction method of industrial atmospheric pollutant emission intensity based on pollutant emission

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1608-1

摘要：

● Established a quantification method of pollutant emission standard.

关键词： Industrial atmospheric pollutants     Pollutant emission standards     Quantitative method     Machine learning     Single enterprise    

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Dissolved methane in anaerobic effluent: Emission or recovery?

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1537-4

摘要： Various anaerobic processes have been explored for the energy-efficient treatment of municipal wastewater. However, dissolved methane in anaerobic effluent appears to be a barrier towards the energy and carbon neutrality of wastewater treatment. Although several dissolved methane recovery methods have been developed, their engineering feasibility and economic viability have not yet been assessed in a holistic manner. In this perspective, we thus intend to offer additional insights into the cost-benefit of dissolved methane recovery against its emission.

关键词： Anaerobic treatment     Municipal wastewater     Dissolved methane     Methane recovery     Carbon emission    

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Radiative properties of materials with surface scattering or volume scattering: A review

Qunzhi ZHU, Hyunjin LEE, Zhuomin M. HANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 60-79 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0011-3

摘要： Radiative properties of rough surfaces, particulate media and porous materials are important in thermal engineerit transfer between surfaces and volume elements in participating media, as well as for accurate radiometric temperature measurements. In this paper, recent research on scattering of thermal radiation by rough surfaces, fibrous insulation, soot, aerogel, biological materials, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was reviewed. Both theoretical modeling and experimental investigation are discussed. Rigorous solutions and approximation methods for surface scattering and volume scattering are described. The approach of using measured surface roughness statistics in Monte Carlo simulations to predict radiative properties of rough surfaces is emphasized. The effects of various parameters on the radiative properties of particulate media and porous materials are summarized.

关键词： aerogel     fiber     particle scattering     radiative properties     soot     surface roughness    

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Response of organic aerosol characteristics to emission reduction in Yangtze River Delta region

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1714-0

摘要：

● The emission reduction causes significant change in organic aerosol composition.

关键词： Emission control     Secondary organic aerosol     Atmospheric oxidizing capacity     Holiday effects     COVID-19 lockdown    

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Study on the Path of “Near-zero Emission” Coal-based Clean Energy Ecosystem Development

Zhang Yu-zhuo

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第1期   页码 37-41 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014007

摘要： Developing a "near-zero emission" coal-based clean energy ecosystem bears great significance for the sustainable development of clean energy in China and the world at large. This article delves into the development strategy, implementation pathways and key priorities of China's "near-zero emission" coal-based clean energy ecosystem, and in turn proposes specific measures to underpin the development and implementation of such system.

关键词： near-zero emission     clean energy ecosystem     study on the path    

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Quantification of emission variability for off-road equipment in China based on real-world measurements

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1455-x

摘要：

• Emissions from 53 in-use diesel-fueled off-road equipment were measured.

关键词： Off-road equipment     Portable emission measurement system (PEMS)     Real-world emissions     Diesel engine    

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Target the neglected VOCs emission from iron and steel industry in China for air quality improvement

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1695-z

摘要：

● Haze formation in China is highly correlated with iron and steel industry.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds     Iron and steel industry     Air quality     Sinter flue gas emission    

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Life cycle carbon emission assessment of a multi-purpose university building: A case study of Sri Lanka

Ramya KUMANAYAKE, Hanbin LUO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第3期   页码 381-393 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018055

摘要：

Buildings are known to significantly affect the global carbon emissions throughout their life cycle. To mitigate carbon emissions, investigation of the current performance of buildings with regard to energy consumption and carbon emissions is necessary. This paper presents a process-based life cycle assessment methodology for assessing carbon emissions of buildings, using a multi-storey reinforced concrete building in a Sri Lankan university as a case study. The entire cradle-to-grave building life cycle was assessed and the life span of the building was assumed as 50 years. The results provide evidence of the significance of operation and material production stages, which contributed to the total carbon emissions by 63.22% and 31.59% respectively. Between them, the main structural materials, concrete and reinforcement steel made up 61.91% of the total carbon emitted at the material production stage. The life cycle carbon emissions of the building were found to be 31.81 kg·m−2 CO2 per year, which is comparable with the values obtained in similar studies found in the literature. In minimizing the life cycle carbon emissions, the importance of identifying control measures for both building operation and material production at the early design stage were emphasized. Although the other life cycle stages only contributed to about 5.19% of the life cycle carbon emissions, they should also receive attention when formulating control strategies. Some of the recommended strategies are introducing energy efficiency measures in building design and operation, using renewable energy for building operation and manufacturing of materials, identifying designs that can save mass material quantities, using alternative materials that are locally available in Sri Lanka and implementing material reuse and recycling. This study is one of the first to undertake a life cycle carbon emissions assessment for a building in the Sri Lankan context, with the hope of facilitating environmentally-friendly buildings and promoting sustainable construction practices in the country.

关键词： carbon emission     life cycle assessment     buildings     sustainable construction     Sri Lanka    

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Combustion effects and emission characteristics of SO

Yiying JIN,Yangyang LI,Fuqiang LIU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 201-210 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0739-9

摘要： The influences of dewatered sludge blending ratio in coal on flammability index (C) and combustion characteristic index (S) and release of sulfur dioxide (SO ), nitrogen oxide (NO ), carbon monoxide (CO) and heavy metals (Hg, As, Cd, Pb and Cr) were studied. The impact on combustion characteristics could be ignored if less than 20% of dewatered sludge was added in coal. Besides, emission pattern experiments of NO , SO , CO and heavy metals were carried out in a high-temperature tubular furnace. Results showed that the conversion rate of NO and total emission of SO reduced with the increase of sludge adding ratio, and a better effect of fixing sulfur could be obtained when the blending ratio reached 30%. Concentrations and distributions of five types of heavy metals in different residues (bottom ash and fly ash) as well as in flue gas were analyzed. It was shown that the characteristics of coal and sludge, as well as the volatilization of heavy metals had a great influence on the distribution of heavy metals.

关键词： sewage sludge     combustion characteristic     coal     emission     heavy metals    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Combustion mechanism development and CFD simulation for the prediction of soot emission during flaring

Anan Wang,Helen H. Lou,Daniel Chen,Anfeng Yu,Wenyi Dang,Xianchang Li,Christopher Martin,Vijaya Damodara,Ajit Patki

期刊论文

Air pollutant control and strategy in coal-fired power industry for promotion of China’s emission reduction

Weiliang WANG, Bo LI, Xuan YAO, Junfu LYU, Weidou NI

期刊论文

Effect of heat transfer space non-uniformity of combustion chamber components on in-cylinder heat transfer in diesel engine

Jizu LV, Minli BAI, Long ZHOU, Jian ZHOU,

期刊论文

Nongray radiation from gas and soot mixtures in planar plates based on statistical narrow-band spectral

Huaqiang CHU, Qiang CHENG, Huaichun ZHOU, Fengshan LIU

期刊论文

Nanostructure and reactivity of soot from biofuel 2,5-dimethylfuran pyrolysis with CO

Lijie ZHANG, Kaixuan YANG, Rui ZHAO, Mingfei CHEN, Yaoyao YING, Dong LIU

期刊论文

Soot size distribution in lightly sooting premixed flames of benzene and toluene

Wang LIU, Jiaqi ZHAI, Baiyang LIN, He LIN, Dong HAN

期刊论文

A new prediction method of industrial atmospheric pollutant emission intensity based on pollutant emission

期刊论文

Dissolved methane in anaerobic effluent: Emission or recovery?

期刊论文

Radiative properties of materials with surface scattering or volume scattering: A review

Qunzhi ZHU, Hyunjin LEE, Zhuomin M. HANG

期刊论文

Response of organic aerosol characteristics to emission reduction in Yangtze River Delta region

期刊论文

Study on the Path of “Near-zero Emission” Coal-based Clean Energy Ecosystem Development

Zhang Yu-zhuo

期刊论文

Quantification of emission variability for off-road equipment in China based on real-world measurements

期刊论文

Target the neglected VOCs emission from iron and steel industry in China for air quality improvement

期刊论文

Life cycle carbon emission assessment of a multi-purpose university building: A case study of Sri Lanka

Ramya KUMANAYAKE, Hanbin LUO

期刊论文

Combustion effects and emission characteristics of SO

Yiying JIN,Yangyang LI,Fuqiang LIU

期刊论文